Influence of climatic change on hydrological cycle in arctic tundra using new land surface model.
Hirashima, Hiroyuki (1), Ohata Tetsuo (2)
(1) Nagaoka Institute of Snow and Ice Studies, National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention
(2) Institute of Observational Research for Global Change (IORGC)/
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)
The effects of climatic change on hydrological cycle in tundra region were investigated by the full year simulation using newly developed land surface model.
The full-year land surface model was developed by combining snow distribution sub-model, snow and subsurface multi-layer sub-model, and distributed hydrological sub-model. This model can simulate the land surface thermal and hydrological condition and fluxes between atmosphere and land surface for full-year from meteorological and topographical input data. The simulated results of soil temperature, soil moisture, snow distribution and river runoff were agreed fairly well with the field data observed.
Sensitivity experiments were carried out using the land surface model for air temperature, precipitation and wind speed and future climate change scenarios. This sensitivity experiment takes the effect of non-uniform snow distribution into account. The results for changes in air temperature and precipitation was qualitatively similar to previous studies, but quantitatively more realistic. Increase in wind speed in winter increases blowing and drifting snow and snowdrift amount, and results in the delay of snowmelt, decrease of river runoff in early half summer and increase of it in latter half summer. In the future prediction study using the scenario of Global Warming, soil moisture did not decrease in spite of evaporation increase by increase in air temperature, because increase in precipitation compensated for this effect.
Submittal Information
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Date :
Dr. Hirashima Hiroyuki
09-Aug-04-13:47:12
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Nagaoka Institute of Snow and Ice Studies, National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention